Minimalist Tissue Engineering Approaches Using Low Material‐Based Bioengineered Systems

From an “over-engineering” era in which biomaterials played a central role, now it is observed to the emergence of “developmental” tissue engineering (TE) strategies rely on integrative cell-material perspective that paves way for cell self-organization. The current challenge engineer microenvironment without hampering spontaneous collective arrangement ability cells, while simultaneously providing biochemical, geometrical, and biophysical cues positively influence healing. These efforts have resulted development low-material based TE focused minimizing amount biomaterial provided living key players regenerative process. Through “minimalist-engineering” approach, main idea fine-tune spatial balance occupied by inanimate region niche toward maximum actuation components during healing